Dr. Rebecca Lee Crumpler was the first Black woman to earn a medical degree in the United States. Raised by an aunt who tended to sick neighbors, Crumpler worked as a nurse in Charlestown before enrolling in Boston’s groundbreaking New England Female Medical College. She was 64 at the time of her death. Thanks for highlighting this project of the Friends of the Hyde Park Library. It’s so important to see people who look like you doing things you want to do.”, Trailblazing BU Alum Gets a Gravestone 125 Years after Her Death, Amy Laskowski It is now a permanent exhibition. Crumpler, Rebecca Davis Lee (08 February 1831–09 March 1895), physician, was born in Delaware, the daughter of Absolum Davis and Matilda Webber. MacQuarrie, Brian. Crumpler died on March 9, 1895, in Hyde Park. Rebecca Lee Crumpler, 2005? She published A Book of Medical Discourses in 1883, which is believed to be the first medical text written by a Black author. She was buried at the then-new Fairview Cemetery (the couple had moved to Hyde Park about 15 years before her death). The purpose of the organization was to provide support and promote the successes of Black women physicians. Also, Crumpler’s home on Joy Street has been included on the Boston Women’s Heritage Trail. Rebecca Davis Lee Crumpler died on March 9, 1895, in Hyde Park. Dr. Rebecca Lee Crumpler and her husband are buried in Fairview Cemetery in Hyde Park. She talks about her fond memories of Doris Wethers, her Black female pediatrician. The perseverance and hardships Dr. Crumpler must have endured to become the first African American female physician in the United States remain largely undocumented. Working alongside other Black physicians, Crumpler was able to provide health care to formerly enslaved people. Arthur was the second husband of Dr. Rebecca Davis Lee Crumpler whom he married in St. John, New Brunswick on May 24, 1865. Dr. Crumpler was amazing! passed away at the age of sixty-four. “Celebrating Black Excellence: Rebecca Lee Crumpler.” Centreville Sentinel, 22 Feb. 2019. She then went on to be an assistant to several different doctors during her early 20s. The text was a compilation of the notes she had taken during her medical career and gave advice on treating illnesses in infants and young children and women of childbearing age—but it also included a few brief autobiographical notes about Crumpler's life, some of which are quoted in previous sections of this article. Born in Delaware in 1831, she moved to Charlestown, Mass., in 1852, and after the Civil War, moved to Virginia to tend to former slaves who were refused treatment by white doctors. 1870) Date of Death: 9th March 1895 (68 yrs old) Biography Rebecca Lee Davis Crumpler… Two years after Lee’s death from Tuberculosis in 1863, Crumpler married Arthur Crumpler, a former fugitive slave. Crumpler died in 1895 of fibroid tumors, at age 64. Davis Lee "was not always treated fairly by her professors, but she worked hard and completed her courses," according to Sheryl Recinos in her book, "Dr. Rebecca Lee Crumpler: Doctress of Medicine." When McCloud heard the news that granite gravestones were being erected, she says, “I was so excited, oh my God.” She couldn’t attend the ceremony in person, but she reached out to a friend who works at NBC to see if they would be interested in covering the story, given all the eyes on the Black Lives Matter movement and the question of whether Confederate monuments should be allowed to remain. She was probably Crumpler's greatest What a wonderful story. Crumpler graduated four years later, and a decade after that, the college merged with Boston University. Upon the couple’s return to Boston in 1869, Crumpler opened her own medical practice at her home at 67 Joy St. in Beacon Hill (now a stop on the Boston Women’s Heritage Trail). Rebecca Lee Crumpler Day.”. Rebecca Lee Crumpler: Doctress of Medicine. Your email address will not be published. Crumpler died at age 64 in 1895 with fibroid tumors. She was written about in history books and her house is a stop on the Boston Women’s Heritage Trail, yet it was nearly impossible to find her final resting spot. Rebecca began a Moderators are staffed during regular business hours (EST) and can only accept comments written in English. Dr. Rebecca Davis Lee Crumpler died on March 9, 1895 in the Hyde Park section of Boston and was buried in nearby Fairview Cemetery. While Crumpler devoted her life to addressing health inequities among people of color, the coronavirus pandemic has proven that much progress is still needed. nota 1 Se casó con Arthur Crumpler quien había servido con el Ejército de la Unión durante la Guerra de Secesión. Legacy The Rebecca Lee Society, one of the first medical societies for African . But in 2018–2019, only 6 percent of medical school graduates were Black, and only 5 percent of active US physicians were Black. Crumpler died on March 9, 1895; according to her death certificate she was still a resident of Hyde Park. In addition to a host of other efforts, MED recently endowed a scholarship in Crumpler’s name, awarded to students from underrepresented groups, with preference given to Black women. Required fields are marked *, Pioneering Research from Boston University, © Boston University. While the fact has been disputed, Dr. Crumpler's contributions to medicine and her will to challenge racial and sexist barriers has solidified her rightful place in history. BOSTON — The first Black woman to become a … “WOLFPACC Center.” WOLFPACC, wolfpacc.com. No photos or other images of Dr. Crumpler survive from her lifetime. That same year, she was also hired as a nurse. Reports show that long-standing systemic health and social inequities have put many minority groups at an increased risk of getting sick and dying from COVID-19. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! Not much is known about Dr. Crumpler’s early life before she began her medical career. Additionally, Davis Lee's husband, Wyatt, died of tuberculosis in 1863, while she was still in medical school. It is thought that she did not practice medicine during her last 12 years of life in Hyde Park, though records are scarce, particularly on this part of her life. But despite Crumpler’s accomplishments, she has been buried in an unmarked grave in Fairview Cemetery in Hyde Park, Mass., for 125 years. Dr. Rebecca Lee Crumpler of Boston challenged the racist beliefs that prevented Black people from pursuing careers in medicine in the 1800s. degree, a distinction formerly credited to Rebecca Cole. Black History Month – Rebecca Davis Lee Crumpler, MD Posted on February 1, 2019 May 18, 2020 by RoseAnna Downing-Vicklund Dr. Rebecca Lee Davis Crumpler was the first African-American female physician in the United States. Indeed, the doctors were so taken with her abilities that they recommended her for the New England Female Medical College—one of the few in the United States accepting women at the time, let alone a Black woman. Rebecca Lee Crumpler -- Physician Challenged the prevailing attitudes of her day when in 1864 she became the first African American woman to earn a medical degree. On March 9, 125 years ago, Dr. Rebecca Lee Crumpler passed away at the age of sixty-four. Crumpler was born February 8, 1831 in Christiana, […] Rebecca Lee Crumpler is widely considered by historians as the first African-American woman to become a physician in the states. I knew she helped people feel better. Rebecca Lee Crumpler married Wyatt Lee a former slave in 1852. His exact birth year is unknown. “She must have faced hell in her professional life,” McCloud says. Rebecca Lee Crumpler (Feb. 8, 1831—March 9, 1895) is the first Black woman to earn a medical degree and practice medicine as a physician in the United States. Though she faced both intense racial and gender discrimination, Crumpler attended to the medical needs of thousands of formerly enslaved people in Richmond, Virginia—the former capital of the Confederacy—just after the Civil War, and earned the respect of many in the medical profession. She died in 1895 of fibroid tumors. Recognized as the first African American woman to become a physician in the United States, Dr. Rebecca Lee Crumpler also holds the distinction as being one of the first African Americans to author a medical book. They had one daughter. She was raised in Pennsylvania by her aunt. Scientific American describes it as a forerunner to the famous What to Expect When You’re Expecting; it covered topics like pregnancy, nursing, teething, and other ailments that come up during the first five years.Â. McCloud’s MED class was only about 10 percent Black, she says, and she didn’t know about Crumpler when she graduated in 1981. She was also the first Black woman to author a medical text, "A Book of Medical Discourses," which was published in 1883. Her story: https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/elizabeth-blackwell. They received headstones last month, thanks to fundraising by a local group and donations from across the country. Rebecca Lee Crumpler challenged the prejudice that prevented African Americans from pursuing careers in medicine to became the first African American woman in the United States to earn an M.D. She received a call back from a producer at NBC Nightly News: they wanted to do a story. As Davis Lee described it: The school had been "founded by Drs. He is buried at Mount Hope Cemetery in Boston. In 1831, Crumpler was born in Delaware to Absolum Davis and Matilda Webber. Rebecca Crumpler died on March 9, 1895 and is buried at the Fairview Cemetery near her residence in Hyde Park. Rebecca was still a medical student when her husband died of tuberculosis on April 18, 1863. During what was described as a "poignant" ceremony 125 years after Crumpler's death, Dr. Joan Reede, Harvard Medical School's dean of diversity and community partnership, proclaimed: But, perhaps Crumpler's gravestone, itself, best describes her legacy: Crumpler, Rebecca Lee. She helps edit the work of BU Today’s interns and is always hunting for interesting, quirky stories around BU. Water Bear Press, 2020. 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Kendi and BU’s Center for Antiracist Research Will Help Lead the Way Forward, “Father of Psychiatric Rehabilitation”, A Quiet Legal Giant: LAW’s Robert Burdick, Tributes: Rev. Spouse: Wyatt Lee - married. ", Soon after her arrival in Richmond, Crumpler began working for the Freedmen’s Bureau as well as other missionary and community groups. Femi Lewis is a writer and educator who specializes in African American history topics, including enslavement, activism, and the Harlem Renaissance. Abusive, profane, self-promotional, misleading, incoherent or off-topic comments will be rejected. She was raised by an aunt in Pennsylvania, and spent her childhood helping her aunt to care for their impoverished black neighbors. In Charlestown and nearby communities, Davis Lee worked for several doctors, whom she greatly impressed. The last quarter of the year 1866, I was enabled...to have access each day to a very large number of the indigent, and others of different classes, in a population of over 30,000 colored. But I knew better, because I had Dr. Wethers. When she entered in 1860, there were about 54,000 doctors in the United States. They were married on April 19, 1852, . When the Civil War ended in 1865, Davis Lee—now known as Rebecca Lee Crumpler after her marriage in May of that year—relocated to Richmond, Virginia. On this anniversary of her death, let us applaud her courage, perseverance and pioneering achievements. While living in Charlestown, Rebecca Davis married Wyatt Lee, a Virginia native and former slave. Although she encountered prejudice and hostility as a Black female doctor, she persisted, and soon discovered her life’s mission: treating illness in poor women and children. Arthur was born a slave but escaped and later served with the Union Army during the Civil War. She was survived by her husband, Arthur, who died in Boston in 1910. Thank you to Dr. McCloud for your efforts to recognize Dr Crumpler’s life and work. In 1880, Crumpler and her husband relocated to Hyde Park, located in the southern part of Boston. During my stay there nearly every hour was improved in that sphere of labor. 2016. Becoming a Doctor of Medicine in 1864 after studying at New England Female Medical College, she was the first African-American woman to become a … Her husband, who worked downtown as a porter, attended evening school in Boston into his late 60s and died in 1910. “I … Rebecca Lee Crumpler, Davis, (8 shkurt 1831 - 9 mars 1895) ishte një fizikante amerikane dhe autore.Duke u bërë një doktore e mjekësisë në vitin 1864,, pasi kishte studiuar në Kolegjin e Mjekësisë për Femra New England, ajo ishte gruaja e parë afro-amerikane që u bë mjeke në Shtetet e Bashkuara. National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland (67521160R) (1831–95). McCloud later began writing about Crumpler so she would get the recognition she deserved. Her aunt's work in the medical field would have an abiding influence on Davis for the rest of her life, as she later wrote in "A Book of Medical Discourses": In 1852, Davis moved to Charlestown, Massachusetts, married Wyatt Lee, and took his last name, changing her name to Rebecca Davis Lee. Recinos further wrote of Davis Lee's experience in medical school: The curriculum included classes in chemistry, anatomy, physiology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, therapeutics, and theory, Recinos explained in her book, noting that Davis Lee "encountered racism throughout her studies.". Students can find additional information in the Undergraduate Student Guide and Graduate & Professional Student Guide. Melody McCloud (CAS’77, MED’81), an OB/GYN at Emory University Hospital and founder and medical director of Atlanta Women’s Health Care, spent years researching Crumpler’s legacy and was thrilled when she learned that gravestones would at long last mark the final resting place of Crumpler and her husband. Presumed portrait of Rebecca Lee Crumpler | Source: Wikimedia Commons/Public Domain This extraordinary woman died in 1895 at the age of 64 and was survived by her husband Arthur, and their daughter, Lizzie Sinclair Crumpler. By 1869, Crumpler had returned to her practice in Boston's Beacon Hill neighborhood, where she provided medical care to women and children. Then in February 2020, McCloud got a phone call that solidified a cause she had been fighting for for almost four decades. That changed last month. A year later Wyatt’s son, Albert, died at age 7. She went on to publish a medical book (one of the first Black physicians to do so), which was notable for its clear messaging about women’s health. Boston University moderates comments to facilitate an informed, substantive, civil conversation. McCloud knew just who they should feature next. Rebecca Lee Crumpler (MED 1864) was a trailblazer, the first Black woman to graduate from a US medical school. Recinos, Sheryl. Though her story was not known for many years, today she is recognized for her groundbreaking achievements. On this anniversary of her death, let us applaud her courage, perseverance and … Rebecca Lee Crumpler (MED 1864), the first Black woman to graduate from a US medical school, and her husband, Arthur, were buried in unmarked graves at the back of Fairview Cemetery in Hyde Park, Mass. 16 Black Americans in Astronomy and Space, Daniel Hale Williams, Heart Surgery Pioneer, Biography of Angela Davis, Political Activist and Academic, 27 Black American Women Writers You Should Know, Black Women Who Have Run for President of the United States, Biography of Elizabeth Blackwell: First Woman Physician in America, Biography of Maria W. Stewart, Groundbreaking Lecturer and Activist, African American History Timeline: 1970 to 1979, Florence Kelley: Labor and Consumer Advocate, All the Women Who Have Run for President of the US, Dr. Rebecca Lee Crumpler (U.S. National Park Service), Celebrating Rebecca Lee Crumpler, First African-American Woman Physician, Celebrating Black Excellence: Rebecca Lee Crumpler, Gravestone Dedicated to the First Black Female Medical Doctor in the US - The Boston Globe, M.S.Ed, Secondary Education, St. John's University, M.F.A., Creative Writing, City College of New York. Her aunt spent a great deal of time caring for the sick in her community. Visit Back2BU for the latest updates and information on BU's response to COVID-19. Vicky Gall, president of the Friends of the Hyde Park Branch Library and a history lover, had come across Crumpler’s name while reading a list of Hyde Park residents on Wikipedia, according to the Boston Globe. Fortunately, she won a scholarship from the Wade Scholarship Fund, an organization funded by North American 19th Century anti-enslavement activist Benjamin Wade. The Rebecca Lee Society, one of the first medical societies for … A true pioneer, she battled deep-seated prejudice against women and African Americans in medicine. She argued that it was “a proper field for real missionary work and one that would present ample opportunities to become acquainted with the diseases of women and children. “I used to love to go to her office. Historians believe that she probably wasn’t aware that she was the first Black female graduate of a medical school. Joshi, Deepika. The first Black woman physician served communities in the South after the Civil War but was buried in an anonymous grave. Rebecca Davis Lee Crumpler died on March 9, 1895, in Hyde Park. Gall learned that the Crumplers didn’t have a gravestone and was working to remedy that. Crumpler died in 1895 of fibroid tumors, at age 64. : t.p. In 1864, she married Arthur Crumpler. Your email address will not be published. She found herself a widow and short on funds to continue her education. Despite all the difficulties, Davis graduated from medical school after four years, becoming the first Black woman to earn a Doctor of Medicine degree in the United States. The little we know about her comes from the introduction to her book. All rights reserved. She first learned about Crumpler as a young doctor starting out in Atlanta. In 1989, physicians Saundra Maass-Robinson and Patricia Whitley established the Rebecca Lee Society. Rebecca Lee Crumpler M.D. Little is known of her early life, except that she was raised in Pennsylvania Friends of the first medical societies for African and African Americans in medicine: Elizabeth Blackwell the. Lee described it: the school had been fighting for for almost four decades communities, Davis Lee 's,! 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